黎紫书与法蒂玛·布素 小说中的性别伦理

Gender Ethics in the Fictions of Li Zishu and Fatimah Busu

Abstract

黎紫书和法蒂玛因自身的女性身份，小说常流露出女性关怀，却又因各自族群文化差异而对性别议题有不同的见解。她们作品反映了父权社会文化下女性的境遇，以直接声援女性或反向解构父权的方式表达追求性别平等之理念。然而，若将两者的性别意识并置作比较，之间的差异与矛盾便显而易见——性别平等之理念是否绝对平等，以及性别平权发展空间的宽窄？关于性别的伦理与限制，本文以“身体与形象”、“性别期待与精神追求”以及“性与罪愆”三个面向作论述，以探究黎紫书与法蒂玛性别意识里的性别伦理观。

Li Zishu and Fatimah Busu are both indigenous writers of Malaysia. Their literary writings reveal a sense of concern over women due to their own female identity, but at the same time show different points of view towards gender issues due to their respective ethnic cultures. Their writings reflect the situation of women living in patriarchal social culture, and express the idea of pursuing gender equality by directly expressing their stands, or diametrically deconstructing patriarchy in their works. When juxtaposing their gender consciousness, the distinction and contradiction between them would be obvious, in which this comparison would lead to the questions: Is the idea of gender equality pursuing absolution? Also, what is the space for the idea to grow? Regarding the gender ethics and constraints, this essay is aimed to find out the gender ethics in the gender consciousness of Li Zishu and Fatimah Busu from three perspectives, which are “body and image”, “gender expectation and spiritual pursuit” and “sex and sin”.